Thu, 23 Jun 22 16:52:14 +0000

Opinion: 4 women and 37 words that changed the world 50 years ago

Leigh Fondakowski is a New York-based writer and director. Fonda Kowski, headwriter of The Laramie Project and an emmy-nominated co-writer for HBO Films and Laramie's film adaptation, is the author of the book"The Story from Jonestown". And the Frequency Machine podcast producer"Feminist File: The Story of the Secret Origins of Title IX", this essay was adopted. The views expressed in this commentary belong to the author. See moreOpinionson CNN.

(CNN)June 23, 1972,Part of the lawquietly advances to President Richard Nixon's desk is. The large omnibus education bill contained the 37 words that make up Title IX. This is a groundbreaking civil rights law that bansgender discrimination in federally funded schools and other educational programs.

A handful of women behind Title IX knew that attracting attention to Title IX could kill the entire bill, so she lobbyed instead. did not.According to Bernice "Bunny"Sandler, one of the architects behind Title IX. And even this handful of women were unaware of the full scope and long-term implications of this law. It requires gender equality in employment and admission practices on almost every college campus in the United States, revolutionizing women's sports and dealing with sexual harassment and sexual assault on campus-common in 1972. The term used inwas not even

Armed with telephones and typewriters, these women-Sandler, legal scholarsPauli Murray, repEdithGreenandPatsyTakemoto Mink, among other things, created the movement that one of them would do. Call the "Academic Sex Revolution".

For two years, my collaborators and I studied these women working under radar in Washington, DC, organized them to pass Title IX, and the problem. The movement was created by holding a hearing to clarify. Gender inequality.

I was born in 1969. For my generation, Title IX was synonymous with women's sports. In later generations, the school's Title IX office was known as a place to report cases of sexual harassment and assault. Gwendolyn Mink, daughter of Patsy Mink, said, "Title IX is not an order. It's a promise. But those who suffer from discrimination must speak out. What are their rights for all generations? We need to know how we can make the lives of girls and women, and boys and men more equitable in education. "

The move to pass Title IX began after Oregon's Congressman Green passed Congressthe 1963 Equal Wage Actfor eight years. This is one of the first federal laws we addressed. Gender discrimination. By the time the bill was finally signed by President John F. Kennedy, many compromises had been made and"administrative, administrative, or expert"roles were exempted. it was done. Therefore, while the equal wage law theoretically meant progress, it did not actually apply to many women.

Green sought to address these loopholes and tax exemptions when he chaired theParliamentary Subcommittee on Education. She found her ally in Congressman Patsy Mink. Patsy Mink became the first colored woman in theparliament in 1964, and she was later appointed to the Green Subcommittee.

Mink's childhood dream was to become adoctorWhen the medical school didn't accept her, she went to law school for her. She started herself when her law firm never hired her. Mink was passionate about educating women and girls.

With Mink on the committee, Green sought to tackle sexism in education, but she didn't feel she was helping to make a significant difference.

Then Green met Sandler. Sandler startedin 1969The process of filing a complaint against the university on the grounds of gender discrimination. Congressman asked Sandler to put together a list of committee witnesses and present her edited hundreds of pages of data on sexism.

Sandler also contacted Murray, a co-founder, human rights lawyer and longtime civil rights activist of the National Organization for Women. Sandler and Murraytestified to inand became known as Edith Green Hearings, developing a strategy for how this sapling bill would help women in academia. rice field.

The efforts of the four women led to 37 important words in Nixon's education bill. Or be discriminated against under a program or activity that is funded by the federal government. The

system worked as they believed. As they knew.

While celebrating everything achieved by Title IX and looking back at how it will be applied in the future, it's also worth remembering that legislation was born when support for Congress increased. there is. To change society better. Following the 1963 Equal Wages Act, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and Title IX in 1972.

When Title IX was passed, Sandler told me that sexism would end within a year of its implementation, her great niece Rora Brodwin. Then she changed her predictions to 5 years and then 10. When she was in her late 80s, she said she knew it wasn't her life, but she remained positive that day would come.

MurrayOncewrote in: The best creative potential.

Parliamentary factions seem to have obstructed legislation and a majority of the Supreme Court has decided to revoke the progressive heritage of the 1960s and 1970s, and it certainly feels like that today. not. However, the results have not been determined in advance. This is not the case when there are voice supporters who support protecting and advancing the causes of equal rights.

Let's take this opportunity of Title IX's 50th anniversary to celebrate women and men who still believe that our governing body can function. Public policy can lead to major changes. May there be a new dawn and a new day. A functional, ambitious, compassionate and visionary parliament that can change the country for the better.

Opinion: 4 women and 37 words that changed the world 50 years ago

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