Twitter will no longer enforce its policy against COVID-19 misinformation, raising concerns among public health experts that the change could have serious consequences if it discourages vaccinations and other efforts to combat the still-spreading virus.
Eagle-eyed users spotted the change Monday night, noting that a one-sentence update had been made to Twitter's online rules: "Effective November 23, 2022, Twitter is no longer enforcing the COVID-19 misleading information policy." That policy, first put in place in May 2020, labeled tweets about the COVID-19 pandemic deemed to be incomplete, misleading or disputed.
By Tuesday, some Twitter accounts were testing the new boundaries and celebrating the platform's hands-off approach, which comes after Twitter was purchased by Elon Musk.
"This policy was used to silence people across the world who questioned the media narrative surrounding the virus and treatment options," tweeted Dr. Simone Gold, a physician and leading purveyor of COVID-19 misinformation. "A win for free speech and medical freedom!"
Twitter's decision disappointed many public health officials, however, who said it could lead to more false claims about the virus, or the safety and effectiveness of vaccines.
"Bad news," tweeted epidemiologist Eric Feigl-Ding, who urged people not to flee Twitter but to stay and stand up for accurate information about the virus. "Stay folks — do NOT cede the town square to them!"
Moderation only somewhat successful
Twitter was one of several social platforms to try to control the online conversation in early 2020, after the emergence of a new and deadly virus led to hysteria and speculation, and as the scientific understanding of the illness evolved.
Twitter has struggled with enforcement of the policy, as other platforms have. Even when it was in place, posts making bogus claims about home remedies or vaccines could still be found, while factually accurate posts were suppressed if they were perceived as critical of vaccination or masking. It was difficult on Tuesday to identify exactly how the platform's rules may have changed.
Messages left with San Francisco-based Twitter seeking more information about its policy on COVID-19 misinformation were not immediately returned Tuesday.
The virus continues to spread, although fewer Americans are dying from COVID-19 today than at the start of the pandemic. Nationally, new COVID cases averaged nearly 38,800 a day as of Monday, according to data from Johns Hopkins University. The numbers are far lower than last winter, but are also a vast undercount because of reduced testing and reporting of the virus. About 28,100 people with COVID were hospitalized daily and about 313 died, according to the most recent federal daily averages.
Cases and deaths were up from two weeks earlier. Yet a fifth of the U.S. population hasn't been vaccinated, and most Americans haven't gotten the latest boosters. Many have also stopped wearing masks, as a majority of venues aren't now requiring them.
Musk, who has himself spread COVID misinformation on Twitter, has signaled an interest in rolling back many of the platform's previous rules meant to combat misinformation.
Last week, Musk said he would grant "amnesty" to account holders who had been kicked off Twitter. He's also reinstated the accounts for several people who spread COVID misinformation, including that of Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene, whose personal account was suspended this year for repeatedly violating Twitter's COVID rules.
Greene's most recent tweets include ones questioning the effectiveness of masks and making baseless claims about the safety of COVID vaccines.
Under the policy enacted in January 2020, Twitter prohibited false claims about COVID-19 that the platform determined could lead to real-world harms. More than 11,000 accounts were suspended for violating the rules, and nearly 100,000 pieces of content were removed from the platform, according to Twitter's latest numbers.
A search for common terms associated with COVID misinformation yielded lots of misleading content, but also automatic links to helpful resources about the virus as well as authoritative sources like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Combating lies a "collective responsibility"
Dr. Ashish Jha, the White House COVID-19 coordinator, said Tuesday that the problem of COVID-19 misinformation is far larger than one platform, and that policies prohibiting COVID misinformation weren't the best solution anyway.
Speaking at a Knight Foundation forum Tuesday, Jha said misinformation about the virus spread for a number of reasons, including legitimate uncertainty about a deadly illness. Simply prohibiting certain kinds of content isn't going to help people find good information, or make them feel more confident about what they're hearing from their medical providers, he said.
"I think we all have a collective responsibility," Jha said of combating misinformation about COVID. "The consequences of not getting this right — of spreading that misinformation — is literally tens of thousands of people dying unnecessarily."
CBS News' Irina Ivanova contributed reporting.
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