Lazarus Chakwera, Malawi's incumbent president, has received his party's endorsement to pursue a second term in the upcoming 2025 election. However, the Malawi Congress Party (MCP) faces significant challenges in forming a robust alliance, which may impact Chakwera's chances of retaining power.
The political landscape in Malawi has shifted since the 2020 election when the MCP, in partnership with the United Transformation Movement (UTM), secured an absolute majority. The recent withdrawal of the UTM from this alliance, following the tragic loss of former Vice President Saulos Klaus Chilima in a plane crash two months ago, has left the MCP without a formidable ally.
Malawi's electoral system requires presidential candidates to obtain more than 50% of the votes to claim victory. This rule underscores the importance of strong alliances in the country's political arena.
At the MCP convention on August 8, 2024, Chakwera expressed confidence in his party's growing support. He stated, "We are growing in strength every day as more people from other parties join us, as the MCP's founding families remain here and as those who left the party are returning."
The MCP, founded by Malawi's first president Hastings Kamuzu Banda, returned to power in 2020 after 26 years in opposition. The party campaigned on promises to combat corruption and stimulate economic growth. However, opposition parties argue that the MCP has failed to deliver on these commitments, with the economy remaining fragile.
Malawi, known as the "Warm Heart of Africa," faces numerous challenges. The country ranks 174th out of 189 on the Human Development Index, with a predominantly rural population and an economy heavily reliant on agriculture. Environmental issues such as deforestation and soil erosion, coupled with a high HIV/AIDS prevalence rate of 9.2% among adults, further complicate the nation's development efforts.
Despite these challenges, Malawi has made progress in areas such as reducing child mortality rates since 2000. The country is also renowned for its rich biodiversity, particularly in Lake Malawi, which hosts over 500 fish species, many endemic to the lake.
As the 2025 election approaches, Peter Mutharika, the former president, is emerging as a leading challenger to Chakwera. Mutharika is expected to receive endorsement from the main opposition Democratic Progress Party at their convention later this month.
The upcoming election will be crucial for Malawi's future, as the country continues to grapple with economic, social, and environmental challenges while striving for sustainable development and improved living standards for its citizens.