Sweden, NATO's newest member, has announced plans to significantly increase its defense budget for 2025. Pal Jonson, the Defense Minister, revealed that the country intends to raise military spending by 13 billion crowns (approximately $1.3 billion), bringing the total defense budget to 138 billion crowns.
This substantial increase will elevate Sweden's military expenditure from 2.2% of GDP in 2024 to 2.4% in 2025. The government projects further growth, aiming to reach 2.6% of GDP by 2028. This decision marks a significant shift in Sweden's defense policy, aligning with its recent NATO membership.
Sweden's move to bolster its military capabilities comes in the wake of regional security concerns, particularly following Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. This event prompted Sweden to reconsider its long-standing policy of military non-alignment, leading to its historic decision to join NATO in 2024.
The country's defense strategy has evolved significantly over the years. Sweden has a rich history of military neutrality dating back to 1814, but has also been actively involved in international peacekeeping efforts since 1948. The Swedish Armed Forces, comprising the Army, Air Force, and Navy, have undergone various transformations, including the reintroduction of military conscription in 2017 after a seven-year hiatus.
Sweden's defense industry plays a crucial role in its military capabilities. The country is known for its advanced submarine fleet and has developed its own fighter jets, including the Saab JAS 39 Gripen. This domestic expertise contributes to Sweden's position among the top 15 global arms exporters.
The concept of "total defense" is central to Sweden's national security strategy, involving both military and civil defense components. The Swedish Home Guard plays a significant role in this approach, complementing the regular armed forces.
As Sweden integrates further into NATO structures, it continues to maintain its policy of nuclear non-proliferation and emphasizes "security in cooperation" with other nations. The Swedish Coast Guard, while primarily a civilian agency, can be integrated into the Navy during wartime, showcasing the country's comprehensive approach to defense.
The center-right government coalition, supported by the Sweden Democrats, is set to submit its budget bill for 2025 to parliament on September 19, 2024. This budget will reflect the country's commitment to strengthening its defense capabilities in line with its new NATO obligations and the evolving security landscape in Europe.
"This increase in defense spending demonstrates Sweden's commitment to our NATO allies and our determination to contribute to regional security."
Sweden's decision to increase its defense budget reflects a broader trend among European nations reassessing their military capabilities in response to perceived threats. As the country continues to adapt to its new role within NATO, these investments in defense are likely to shape Sweden's foreign policy and military strategy for years to come.