In a recent Gallup Korea poll, President Yoon Suk Yeol's approval rating has reached its lowest point since he assumed office in May 2022. The survey, conducted on September 13, 2024, revealed that only 20% of respondents approved of the president's performance.
The decline in popularity is attributed to several factors, including the administration's handling of medical reforms, rising living costs, and perceived communication issues. This development comes in the wake of a significant setback for Yoon's conservative People Power Party in the April 2024 general election, where the opposition Democratic Party of Korea secured a majority with 175 out of 300 seats in the National Assembly.
The healthcare sector has been a particular point of contention. Yoon's administration proposed increasing medical school admissions by 2,000 students annually to address physician shortages. However, this initiative sparked a prolonged walkout by young doctors, straining the healthcare system and intensifying public criticism. In response, the president's office has indicated a willingness to reconsider aspects of the plan.
"We are open to revising parts of the medical reform plan in light of the ongoing situation."
It's worth noting that South Korea boasts a highly developed healthcare system, ranking second in the OECD for healthcare access. The country also has one of the highest physician densities among OECD nations. However, with a rapidly aging population expected to see over 20% aged 65 or older by 2026, the healthcare system faces increasing pressure.
Despite domestic challenges, Yoon has highlighted his foreign policy achievements, particularly improved relations with Japan. This is notable given the historical tensions stemming from Japan's 1910-45 colonization of the Korean peninsula.
The president's approval ratings have fluctuated significantly since taking office. He enjoyed his highest approval of 53% in June 2022, shortly after his inauguration. However, since the April 2024 election, his ratings have consistently remained below 30%.
It's important to contextualize these figures within South Korea's political landscape. As a presidential republic with a multi-party system, the country elects its president to a single five-year term by popular vote. The National Assembly, a unicameral legislature with 300 members, plays a crucial role in the country's governance.
While facing domestic political challenges, South Korea continues to be a global economic powerhouse. It ranks as the world's 10th largest economy by nominal GDP as of 2023, known for its "Miracle on the Han River" economic growth following the Korean War. The country is home to global technology giants like Samsung and LG, and leads in industries such as shipbuilding and internet connectivity.
A separate Realmeter poll released on September 2, 2024, showed Yoon's approval rating at 29.6%, indicating some variability in public opinion measurements. As the administration navigates these challenges, the coming months will be crucial in determining the trajectory of Yoon's presidency and his ability to implement his policy agenda.