Thailand is taking steps to address the ongoing conflict in Myanmar by proposing a collaborative effort to repair crucial sections of Asian Highway 1 (AH1). This initiative, announced by Maris Sangiampongsa, Thailand's Foreign Minister, on September 19, 2024, aims to stabilize border areas and ensure the continuity of vital trade routes.
The AH1, spanning an impressive 20,557 km from Tokyo to the Turkey-Bulgaria border, is the longest route in the Asian Highway Network. This extensive road system, initiated by the United Nations in 1959, now encompasses over 141,000 km across 32 countries, playing a crucial role in regional connectivity and economic cooperation.
Thailand's proposal has garnered support from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and India. ASEAN, established on August 8, 1967, in Bangkok, has long been a key player in regional affairs. Myanmar, which joined the bloc on July 23, 1997, has been a focus of concern due to its ongoing internal strife.
Maris Sangiampongsa emphasized the importance of dialogue in addressing Myanmar's challenges, stating:
"I don't think Myanmar problems can be addressed militarily, but through constructive dialogue."
This approach aligns with Thailand's historical role as a mediator in Myanmar's conflicts, reflecting the complex dynamics of the 2,416 km shared border between the two nations.
The initiative to repair AH1 comes against the backdrop of Myanmar's political turmoil, which began on February 1, 2021, when the military ousted the elected civilian government. This event sparked widespread protests that evolved into an armed rebellion against the ruling junta, leading to the displacement of over 1 million people and significantly impacting regional stability and trade.
Thailand's economy, heavily reliant on trade with neighboring countries, stands to benefit from the restoration of this key transportation artery. Similarly, India, sharing a 1,643 km border with Myanmar, sees this as an opportunity to further its "Act East" policy, which emphasizes strengthening ties with Southeast Asian nations.
The collaborative effort to rebuild AH1 exemplifies the broader goals of the Asian Highway Network project, which aims to enhance transportation infrastructure and foster economic cooperation across Asia. As Myanmar grapples with its internal challenges, this initiative represents a pragmatic approach to maintaining regional connectivity and promoting dialogue amidst ongoing conflicts.