Cherokee Tribe Launches Groundbreaking Cannabis Sales in North Carolina

In a landmark decision, the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians has initiated the sale of cannabis products to adults aged 21 and over on their tribal lands in North Carolina. This move, which began on September 7, 2024, stands in stark contrast to the state's laws, where marijuana possession and use remain illegal.

The Great Smoky Cannabis Co., a tribe-owned dispensary located on the Qualla Boundary, commenced recreational sales to the general public. This expansion follows a gradual rollout of cannabis sales on tribal lands, which began with medical marijuana in April 2024 and expanded to include recreational sales to tribal members on July 4, 2024.

The decision to sell cannabis products stems from the tribe's sovereign status, which allows them to establish their own regulations regarding cannabis use and sales. This sovereignty is a crucial aspect of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians' governance, as one of three federally recognized Cherokee tribes.

The path to this decision involved several key steps. In September 2023, tribal members voted in favor of adult recreational use on their reservation. Subsequently, in June 2024, the tribal council approved language effectively decriminalizing cannabis on the Qualla Boundary, which is not a reservation but land held in trust by the federal government.

This move has not been without opposition. Prior to the referendum, U.S. Representative Chuck Edwards introduced legislation that would have removed federal highway funding from tribes and states legalizing marijuana. However, this bill did not progress.

The economic implications of this decision are significant for the 14,000-member tribe. The cannabis dispensary, situated near the Harrah's Cherokee Casino Resort, is expected to become a substantial revenue generator as its customer base expands. This aligns with the tribe's history of economic initiatives, which include operating their own healthcare system, school system, and a significant cultural tourism industry.

"This decision represents our sovereignty and our commitment to economic development for our people. We have carefully considered the implications and believe this will bring positive change to our community."

The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians manages over 56,000 acres of land and has a complex relationship with the federal government due to historical treaties. Their decision to enter the cannabis market reflects a broader trend of tribal nations leveraging their sovereign status for economic development.

As this new chapter unfolds, it's worth noting that the tribe has a rich cultural heritage, including renowned arts and crafts, particularly basketry. They also face challenges, such as the endangered status of the Cherokee language, with fewer than 200 fluent speakers remaining.

This groundbreaking move in cannabis sales represents just one facet of the tribe's ongoing efforts to balance tradition with modern economic opportunities, showcasing the complex interplay between tribal sovereignty, economic development, and state and federal laws.