The Fifth Republic is France's current republican system of government. It was established on 4 October 1958 by Charles de Gaulle under the Constitution of the Fifth Republic.
Some of the key events about French Fifth Republic
1958
Establishment of a new constitution strengthening executive power
1960
Granted independence to most French colonies in Africa
1961
Brutal suppression of Algerian independence protesters in Paris
1962
Introduction of direct presidential elections by popular vote
1965
Creation of the first French satellite, Astérix-1
1967
Legalization of contraception
1968
Violent crackdown on student protests and general strikes
1974
Lowering of the voting age from 21 to 18
1975
Legalization of abortion
1981
Abolition of the death penalty
1985
Sinking of Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior in New Zealand by French agents
1995
Controversial resumption of nuclear testing in the South Pacific
1999
Introduction of universal health coverage (Couverture Maladie Universelle)
2005
Declaration of a state of emergency during widespread riots in French suburbs
Implementation of state of emergency following terrorist attacks, criticized for civil liberties restrictions
2018
Introduction of fuel tax increases leading to widespread "Yellow Vest" protests
2019
Controversial use of force against "Yellow Vest" protesters
2020
Criticized handling of COVID-19 pandemic, including mask shortages and lockdown measures
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