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(CNN)This is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium calledtuberculosis(also known as TB). Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which usually affects the lungs. It can also infect other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, spine, and brain.

About tuberculosis

There are two types of tuberculosis-Latent tuberculosis infection (non-infectious) and tuberculosis (infection) sex).

Latent tuberculosis infection:
- People with latent tuberculosis infection show no signs of symptoms and do not feel sick ..
-A skin or blood test will show if a person is infected with bacteria.
-You cannot spread M. tuberculosis from an infected person to others.
-People with latent tuberculosis infection do not develop the disease because the bacteria remain dormant. In other cases, especially when people with weak immunity are involved, the bacteria can become active and cause tuberculosis.
-Treatment is needed to prevent infected people from developing active tuberculosis, but prophylactic treatment may not be an option in some cases.
-Without treatment, about 5-10% of people infected with latent tuberculosis infection will develop the disease.

Tuberculosis:
--Symptoms of tuberculosis in the lungs include hemoptysis and chest pain.
-Other symptoms include weight loss, night sweats, fever, chills, and fatigue.
-M. tuberculosis can spread from infected to others.
-A skin or blood test will show if a person is infected with bacteria.
-Treatment usually involves a combination of medications taken for 6 months. People with weak immunity, such as
-HIVordiabetes,, are more prone to tuberculosis.
-Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of death forpeople infected with HIV worldwide.

Facts

When a person infected with tuberculosis coughs, sneezes, talks, or sings, tuberculosis is in the air. Spreads to. Bacteria can stay in the air for hours.

About 2 billion people, one-third of the world's population, are infected with latent tuberculosis infection.
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB)occurs when bacteria are resistant to the two primary antibiotics used to treat tuberculosis, isoniazid and rifampicin. increase. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is a type of MDR-TB that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, in addition to fluoroquinolones and injectable secondary drugs.

Timeline

1865-French military doctor Jean-Antoine Villemin says that the disease goes from human to animal, or from animal to animal. Prove that it can be contagious.

1882-German doctor Robert Koch has identified the bacterial strain as Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

1800s-Tuberculosis causes a quarter of all deaths in Europe in the 19th century. Celebrities who die of tuberculosis include John Keats, Frederick Chopin, Charlotte, Emily and Anne Brontë, Anton Chekhov, and Franz Kafka.

1921-After many years of testing, including animal testing, French bacteriologists Albert Calmette and Camille GuérinBacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for an infant whose mother died. Succeeded in the administration of a vaccine called TB of.

1930-In Germany, more than 70 babies who received the BCG vaccine died from tuberculosis. It was later concluded that the vaccine was contaminated in the laboratory.

1944-Microbiologist Selman A. Waksman of Rutgers University and his associates report the discovery of a new antibiotic called streptomycin.

1944-Doctors H. Corwin Hinshaw, Karl H. Pfuetze, William H. Feldman have successfully treated patients with tuberculosis with streptomycin.

1985-1992-Tuberculosis relapses.Scientists attribute this to several factors, including the spread of HIV.

1995- WHO will start Directly Observed Treatment (DOTS). This is a treatment plan that includes five elements, including standardized records and reports.

December 08, 2010-WHOhas approved a new test to diagnose tuberculosiswithin hours instead of months.

May 26, 2011-Nearly 700 patients and 100 employees contacted employees of a hospital suffering from tuberculosis at Emory University Hospital in Atlanta. Later, he was exposed to tuberculosis.

2015- At a medical center in California, 350 babies and 368 mothers or parentsmay be exposed to tuberculosis. The exposed people may have suffered from tuberculosis and interacted with employees who worked in the nursery.

2021-One study concludes that 4-month multidrug therapy for treating tuberculosis is as effective as 6-month therapy.